====== Earthenware ======

**Earthenware** is the most ancient and common type of ceramic. It is fired at relatively low temperatures (typically 1,000°C to 1,150°C), resulting in a product that is porous and less durable than [[:en:materials:porcelain|Porcelain]] or [[:en:materials:stoneware|Stoneware]].

Despite its fragility, earthenware remains highly valued for its warm, artisanal charm and its ability to take vibrant, thick glazes.

===== 1. Key Characteristics =====

  * **Porosity**: In its unglazed state, earthenware is porous enough to absorb liquids. It must be glazed to be used for food or water.
  * **Opacity**: It is completely opaque, often featuring a thick, heavy body.
  * **Color Palette**: Natural earthenware ranges from buff and cream to deep terracotta reds and oranges.
  * **Fragility**: It is softer and more prone to chipping and scratching than higher-fired ceramics.

===== 2. Common Types of Earthenware =====

  * **Terracotta**: Uncoated earthenware, famous for its reddish-brown color, widely used for plant pots and traditional cooking vessels (like the Tajine).
  * **Faience / Majolica**: Earthenware decorated with colorful tin glazes, historic in Italian and French ceramics.
  * **Creamware**: A refined, cream-colored earthenware developed in the 18th century to mimic porcelain.

===== 3. Pros and Cons =====

^ Pros ^ Cons ^
| Rich, vibrant glaze colors | Prone to chipping and thermal shock |
| Often more affordable than bone china | Not as durable for heavy daily use |
| Excellent for rustic, hand-painted designs | Absorbs moisture if the glaze is cracked |

===== 4. Care and Maintenance =====

  * **Hand Washing Recommended**: Due to its porous nature, water can seep into the body if it stays submerged, leading to cracks.
  * **Microwave Caution**: Earthenware can get extremely hot in the microwave or even crack due to absorbed moisture. Check for a specific "Microwave Safe" [[:en:brands:start|Backstamp]].
  * **Avoid Sudden Temperature Changes**: It is highly sensitive to thermal shock.

===== 5. Notable Manufacturers =====

  * [[:en:brands:emma_bridgewater|Emma Bridgewater]] (UK) - Famous for modern, hand-painted creamware.
  * [[:en:brands:quimper|Quimper]] (France) - Renowned for traditional Breton hand-painted earthenware.
  * [[:en:brands:gien|Gien]] (France) - One of the most prestigious manufacturers of fine earthenware.

{{tag>materials ceramic earthenware terracotta artisanal}}